H5N1 (Bird Flu) and Cats

Since the U.S. outbreak of avian influenza A (H5N1) or “bird flu” in dairy cattle began in March 2024, dozens of cats are known to have contracted the virus, including barn and feral cats, indoor cats, and even big cats in zoos and in the wild (e.g., mountain lions, tigers, leopards, and bobcats). While cats appear to be susceptible to the HSN1 virus, infection can be prevented with a few simple practices.

– Refrain from feeding cats any dairy products or colostrum that have not first been pasteurized or thoroughly cooked to kill the virus.
– Thoroughly cook meat before feeding and avoid feeding raw meat-based treats or diets.
– Keep cats indoors to prevent exposure to birds and other wildlife.
– Avoid contact with sick or dead birds and other wildlife yourself.

If your cat may have been exposed to one of these sources, signs that they may have contracted bird flu include loss of appetite, lethargy, and fever. These can quickly progress to the cat exhibiting:
– Neurologic signs (e.g., ataxia, circling, tremors, seizures, or blindness)
– Severe depression
– Copious nasal discharge and other respiratory signs (possibly sneezing or coughing)

If you suspect that your cat may have H5N1, you should call your veterinary clinic before taking the cat in to be seen and describe any clinical signs you’ve noticed so the veterinary team can be ready when the patient arrives. Be sure to limit your cat’s contact with any immunocompromised individuals in your house to avoid exposure to the virus if possible.

Although bird flu viruses mainly infect and spread among wild migratory water birds and domestic poultry, it’s important to continue to stay informed and take precautions to prevent the potential spread to cats and people.